Books
Old Testament
Genesis
The book of Genesis tells the story of creation, from God creating the universe and the first humans, Adam and Eve, to the early history of humanity, including the story of Noah and the flood, and the lives of the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The book begins with creation and the early descendants of Adam, then tells the story of Noah and the flood, followed by the story of the tower of Babel and the scattering of humanity. The book then focuses on the life of Abraham, who is called by God to leave his home and family and travel to a new land, where he will become the father of a great nation. The story of Abraham's life, including his marriage to Sarah and the birth of Isaac, is then told, followed by the story of Isaac's life and the birth of his twin sons, Esau and Jacob. The book then tells the story of Jacob's life, including his marriage to Rachel and Leah, and the birth of his 12 sons, who will become the ancestors of the 12 tribes of Israel. The book ends with the story of Joseph, one of Jacob's sons, who is sold into slavery in Egypt but rises to become a powerful leader in the land, and the migration of Jacob's family to Egypt, where they will live for many years.
Exodus
The Israelites, descendants of Jacob, grew numerous in Egypt but were oppressed by a new Pharaoh who feared their population. God called Moses to lead them out of Egypt, and after a series of plagues, the Israelites left Egypt in haste, taking their flocks and herds with them. They journeyed to Mount Sinai, where God established the Ten Commandments and gave instructions for building a sanctuary, the tabernacle. The Israelites contributed materials and skilled craftsmen worked on the tabernacle, its furnishings, and the priestly garments. When the work was finished, Moses inspected the completed items and blessed the people for their faithful obedience to God's commands, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle, guiding the Israelites' journeys.
Leviticus
The book of Leviticus contains instructions from the Lord to the Israelites on various offerings and sacrifices, including burnt offerings, meat offerings, peace offerings, sin offerings, and trespass offerings, as well as laws and regulations on cleanliness and purity, treatment of the poor and strangers, and observance of holy days and festivals, with the goal of maintaining a holy and pure community that is set apart for God.
Numbers
The book of Numbers begins with a census of the Israelites, resulting in a total of 603,550 men 20 years old and above who were able to go to war. The Israelites were then instructed to camp around the tabernacle in specific groups and were given instructions for various offerings and rituals. However, the Israelites rebelled against Moses and Aaron, and God punished them, declaring that the current generation would not enter the Promised Land, except for Caleb and Joshua. The book then describes the Israelites' journey through the wilderness, their encounters with various nations, and their eventual arrival in the plains of Moab. The book concludes with instructions for the division of the land of Canaan, the appointment of leaders to oversee the division, and the establishment of cities of refuge for those who unintentionally killed someone, demonstrating God's power and authority throughout.
Deuteronomy
The book of Deuteronomy recounts the Israelites' journey and their covenant with God, emphasizing the importance of obedience to God's laws and commandments. Moses reminds the Israelites of their history, including their deliverance from Egypt and their rebellion against God, and warns them of the consequences of disobedience. He also instructs them on various laws and regulations, including those related to worship, marriage, and social justice. The book concludes with Moses' blessing of the tribes, his death, and the transition of leadership to Joshua, emphasizing God's power and protection over Israel and their unique status as a holy people chosen by God.
Joshua
The book of Joshua tells the story of the Israelites' conquest of Canaan under Joshua's leadership, who succeeded Moses. Joshua led the Israelites to various victories, including the capture of Jericho and the defeat of the Amorite kings, and divided the land among the tribes of Israel. Despite facing challenges and setbacks, Joshua remained faithful to God and continued to lead the Israelites, eventually growing old and passing on the leadership to others, reminding them to remain courageous and obedient to the law of Moses.
Judges
The Israelites failed to drive out the remaining Canaanites after Joshua's death and instead intermarried and worshiped their gods, leading to God's anger and Israel's subjugation to various nations. God raised up judges to deliver the Israelites, but they repeatedly disobeyed God and turned to idolatry after the judges' deaths. The judges, including Othniel, Ehud, Deborah, Gideon, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, and Samson, each delivered the Israelites from their enemies, but the Israelites continued to cycle through disobedience and deliverance. The book also tells the story of Abimelech's rise and fall, the Danites' conquest of Laish, and the civil war sparked by the brutal killing of a Levite's concubine, which nearly destroyed the tribe of Benjamin.
Ruth
Elimelech, a man from Bethlehem, moved to Moab with his wife Naomi and their two sons due to a famine in Judah, but after his death and the death of his sons, Naomi and her daughters-in-law were left as widows. Naomi returned to Judah with her daughter-in-law Ruth, who met Boaz, a wealthy relative of her late husband's family, while gleaning in his field. Boaz showed Ruth kindness and protection, and after Naomi's instructions, Ruth asked Boaz to marry her, but he noted a closer relative had the right of first refusal. The closer relative declined, allowing Boaz to purchase the land and marry Ruth, and they had a son, Obed, who would become the father of Jesse and the grandfather of King David.
1 Samuel
The book of 1 Samuel tells the story of the transition from the period of the judges to the period of the kings in Israel. It begins with the story of Hannah, who prays for a son and dedicates him to the Lord's service, and her son Samuel grows up to become a prophet and priest. The Israelites ask for a king, and God grants their request, leading to the anointing of Saul as the first king of Israel. However, Saul disobeys God's commands and is rejected as king, leading to the anointing of David, a young shepherd, as the new king. The book follows the story of David's rise to power, his conflicts with Saul, and his eventual ascension to the throne after Saul's death in battle against the Philistines.
2 Samuel
David mourned the death of Saul and Jonathan, then became king over Judah and eventually all of Israel, establishing a strong government and defeating his enemies. However, his personal life was marred by sin, including his affair with Bathsheba and the murder of her husband Uriah. David's son Absalom rebelled against him, but was eventually defeated and killed in battle. David faced other challenges, including a rebellion led by Sheba and a three-year famine, but he sought the Lord and made amends for past wrongs. David's men fought against the Philistines, and he praised God as his rock and deliverer, listing the names of his mighty men and noting the qualities of a just ruler. Ultimately, David's reign was marked by both triumph and tragedy, but he remained committed to God and was forgiven for his sins.
1 Kings
King David, nearing death, instructed Solomon to be strong and follow God's laws, and Solomon was anointed as king. After David's death, Solomon established his kingdom, dealing with those who opposed him and demonstrating his wisdom, which the Lord granted him along with riches and honor. However, Solomon's many foreign wives led him to worship their gods, and the Lord told him that He would tear the kingdom away from him. After Solomon's death, the kingdom was divided, with Rehoboam ruling over Judah and Jeroboam over Israel, and the rest of the book tells the story of the kings of Israel and Judah, including their interactions with prophets such as Elijah and Elisha.
2 Kings
The book of 2 Kings describes the reigns of the kings of Israel and Judah from the time of Elijah and Elisha to the Babylonian exile. The book begins with Elijah's ascension to heaven and Elisha's ministry, which included many miracles and prophecies of Israel's downfall. The reigns of various kings of Israel and Judah are described, including those who did evil in the sight of the Lord, such as Jehoram and Hezekiah, and those who did what was right, such as Josiah, who led a revival in Judah. The book concludes with the Babylonian conquest of Judah, the destruction of the temple, and the exile of the people, ending on a note of hope with the kindness shown to the former king Jehoiachin by the new king of Babylon.
1 Chronicles
The book of 1 Chronicles begins with a genealogy of the descendants of Adam, continuing through the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and focusing on the descendants of Judah, including King David and his sons. The book lists the descendants of other tribes, describes the roles of the Levites, and shifts to the reign of King David, describing his military victories and God's promise to establish his throne and kingdom forever through his son Solomon. The book concludes with David's preparations for the construction of the temple and the transfer of power to Solomon, who is encouraged to be strong and courageous in building the temple and following God's commandments.
2 Chronicles
The book of 2 Chronicles begins with Solomon's reign, during which he built the temple in Jerusalem and established a strong kingdom, but later turned to idolatry. After Solomon's death, the kingdom was divided, with Rehoboam ruling Judah and Jeroboam ruling Israel. The book then follows the reigns of various kings of Judah, with some, such as Asa, Jehoshaphat, and Hezekiah, doing what was right in the sight of the Lord and experiencing prosperity, while others, such as Ahaz and Manasseh, did evil and suffered consequences. The book concludes with the reign of Josiah, who led a revival in Judah, but was eventually killed in battle, and the subsequent reigns of Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah, who all did evil and led to the destruction of Jerusalem and the exile of the people to Babylon.
Ezra
The book of Ezra describes the return of the Jews from Babylonian captivity to Jerusalem, where they rebuild the temple with the help of prophets Haggai and Zechariah, despite initial opposition from adversaries. The temple was completed in the sixth year of Darius' reign, and the Jews celebrated its dedication. Later, Ezra, a scribe and priest, returned to Jerusalem and led the people in a time of confession and repentance after discovering many Israelites had intermarried with the people of the surrounding lands, resulting in the separation of foreign wives and their children.
Nehemiah
Nehemiah, a servant of the king, learns of the affliction of the Jews in Jerusalem and the broken-down walls of the city, prompting him to pray and fast, and eventually, the king grants him permission to travel to Jerusalem to rebuild the city and its walls. Nehemiah rallies the people to rebuild, despite facing scorn and ridicule from their enemies, and they work together to complete the wall. After completing the wall, Nehemiah appoints leaders to oversee the city, gathers the people to be reckoned by genealogy, and leads them in celebrating the law of Moses and making a covenant to obey God's law. The book concludes with the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem, the purification of the people, and Nehemiah's efforts to enforce the law and maintain the purity of the priesthood.
Esther
King Ahasuerus banished Queen Vashti for disobeying him and later chose Esther, a Jewish girl, as the new queen. Esther's cousin Mordecai discovered a plot to assassinate the king and informed Esther, who then told the king. However, Haman, a high-ranking official, sought to destroy the Jews and convinced the king to issue a decree to do so. Esther, with Mordecai's urging, interceded with the king and eventually exposed Haman's plan, leading to his downfall. The king then reversed the edict and allowed the Jews to defend themselves, resulting in the deaths of their enemies and the establishment of the holiday of Purim to commemorate their deliverance.
Job
The book of Job tells the story of a righteous man who suffers greatly, losing his children, health, and possessions, yet maintains his faith in God while questioning his punishment. His friends try to comfort him but ultimately accuse him of sinning, while a young man named Elihu intervenes, criticizing Job's self-justification. God then speaks to Job, questioning his understanding of the universe, and Job acknowledges his insignificance and repents, leading to God restoring his fortunes and commending him for speaking correctly about Him.
Psalms
The book of Psalms is a collection of prayers, songs, and poetry that express a wide range of emotions, thoughts, and experiences, covering themes such as praise, trust, sorrow, hope, and redemption. The psalms reflect on God's nature, justice, mercy, and power, and the human condition, including sin, mortality, and the search for meaning. Throughout the book, the psalmists affirm their trust in God, acknowledge their dependence on him, and express their desire to live in accordance with his will, presenting a complex portrait of the human experience and its deep longing for connection with the divine.
Proverbs
The book of Proverbs emphasizes the importance of wisdom, understanding, and knowledge in achieving a fulfilling life. It teaches that wisdom begins with the fear of the Lord and that one should seek knowledge and apply their heart to it. The book warns against the dangers of foolishness, laziness, and wickedness, and advises individuals to avoid the path of the wicked and instead follow the path of the righteous. It also emphasizes the value of integrity, honesty, and hard work, and notes that a person's character is revealed by their actions. The book provides guidance on how to live a virtuous life, including the importance of self-control, kindness, and generosity, and warns against the dangers of envy, pride, and greed. Ultimately, the book of Proverbs teaches that wisdom and righteousness lead to life, prosperity, and honor, while foolishness and wickedness lead to destruction and death.
Ecclesiastes
The book of Ecclesiastes explores the meaninglessness and futility of life, as everything is repetitive and cyclical, with no true progress or new experiences. The writer, who has gained wealth and power, concludes that these pursuits are vanity and bring no lasting satisfaction. Instead, he finds that the simple pleasures of eating, drinking, and finding joy in one's labor are gifts from God. The book also notes that there is a time for everything under the sun, and that God's work is perfect and unchangeable. Despite the struggles and injustices in the world, the best thing for a person to do is to enjoy their own work and the fruits of their labor. The writer emphasizes the importance of fearing God, keeping His commandments, and living righteously, as this is the whole duty of man. Ultimately, the book concludes that true wisdom is hard to find, and that even the wise are not perfect, as everyone sins.
Song of Solomon
The speaker and her beloved express their deep love and desire for each other, using vivid imagery and comparisons to natural wonders and precious objects to describe each other's beauty. They long to be together, and the speaker invites her beloved to join her in various settings, from gardens to vineyards. The beloved is described as unique and beautiful, and the speaker praises the beauty of their love, likening it to a lush, green garden. The speaker also expresses her desire to be with her beloved in her mother's house, and warns others not to stir up their love until he is ready. Throughout the book, the speaker and her beloved express their passion and longing for each other, using sensual language to describe their desire.
Isaiah
The book of Isaiah is a collection of prophecies and messages from God to the people of Israel, calling them to repentance and warning them of impending judgment for their sins. The book begins by condemning Israel's rebellion and corruption, but also offers hope of redemption and restoration through faith in God. Throughout the book, Isaiah emphasizes God's power and sovereignty over all nations, and His plan to use a non-Israelite king, Cyrus, to free the Israelites from captivity. The book also contains messages of comfort and salvation, urging the people to trust in God and seek His mercy. Isaiah describes a future time of peace and prosperity, when God will establish a new heaven and a new earth, and His people will live in harmony with Him. Ultimately, the book concludes with a vision of God's judgment on those who have rebelled against Him, and His comfort and salvation for those who fear Him.
Jeremiah
The book of Jeremiah is a collection of prophecies and warnings from God to the people of Judah and Israel, calling them to repentance and obedience. The prophet Jeremiah is instructed by God to speak against the people's sins, including idolatry, injustice, and disobedience, and to warn them of impending judgment and destruction. Despite the people's refusal to listen, Jeremiah continues to prophesy, warning of the coming Babylonian invasion and the destruction of Jerusalem. The book also includes messages of hope and restoration, promising that God will one day restore His people and bring them back to their land. Throughout the book, Jeremiah laments the people's wickedness and God's judgment, but also expresses his own sorrow and frustration at being called to prophesy against his own people. Ultimately, the book of Jeremiah is a call to repentance and a reminder of God's sovereignty and justice.
Lamentations
The city of Jerusalem lies desolate and conquered, its people taken captive and weeping in affliction, remembering its former glory and beauty. The Lord's wrath has been poured out on the city, destroying its strongholds and giving its people over to their enemies, with children and infants suffering greatly. Despite the suffering, the people recall God's mercies and faithfulness, finding hope in His new compassions every morning. The city's inhabitants are compared to fine gold that has lost its value, with precious children now treated as worthless, and the people are punished for the sins of their prophets and priests. The people cry out to God, acknowledging their fathers' sins and lamenting the loss of their former way of life, expressing their longing for God's restoration and renewal, but also acknowledging God's rejection and wrath against them.
Ezekiel
The book of Ezekiel begins with the prophet Ezekiel receiving a vision from God by the river Chebar, where he sees a whirlwind with four living creatures and a throne with a figure resembling a man. God instructs Ezekiel to speak to the rebellious nation of Israel, warning them of impending judgment and destruction. Throughout the book, Ezekiel prophesies against Israel's idolatry, bloodshed, and other abominations, and warns of the coming exile and destruction of Jerusalem. He also prophesies against other nations, including Egypt, Tyre, and Gog, and describes the restoration of Israel and the rebuilding of the temple. The book concludes with a detailed description of the new temple and the division of the land among the 12 tribes of Israel, with the river flowing from the temple serving as a boundary and a source of healing and life.
Daniel
The book of Daniel tells the story of Daniel, a Jewish captive in Babylon, who rises to prominence through his wisdom and faith in God. Daniel interprets dreams and visions for King Nebuchadnezzar, including a dream about a great image that represents a series of kingdoms that will rise and fall, and a dream about a tree that represents Nebuchadnezzar's own downfall. Daniel and his friends, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, face persecution and danger, but God delivers them from harm. The book also includes visions of the future, including the rise and fall of various kingdoms, the coming of the Messiah, and a final period of great trouble before the resurrection of the dead. Throughout the book, Daniel's faith and trust in God are contrasted with the pride and arrogance of the kings of Babylon and Persia, and the book ultimately points to the triumph of God's kingdom over all human kingdoms.
Hosea
The book of Hosea is a prophetic message from God to the Israelites, condemning their idolatrous ways and unfaithfulness to Him. Through the prophet Hosea's marriage to a prostitute, Gomer, God illustrates Israel's spiritual adultery and His own enduring love for them. Despite their rebellion, God promises to restore Israel in the future, reuniting the children of Judah and Israel under one leader. Throughout the book, God warns Israel of impending judgment and destruction due to their idolatry and disobedience, but also offers mercy and restoration to those who return to Him. The Israelites are called to renounce their idols and iniquity, and to offer true worship to God, who promises to heal their backsliding and bless them with growth and prosperity.
Joel
A severe locust infestation has devastated the land, prompting a call to lament, mourn, and seek God's mercy through fasting and repentance. A day of darkness and destruction is near, brought by a powerful people, but the Lord offers a chance for the people to turn to him and avoid this fate. If the people repent, the Lord will bless them with abundance, restore the years lost to the locusts, and pour out his spirit upon them. Additionally, God will gather the nations to judge them for their treatment of Israel, specifically for scattering and selling the Israelites as slaves, and will punish the guilty nations, including Tyre, Sidon, and Palestine.
Amos
The Lord announces judgment on various nations, including Damascus, Gaza, Tyrus, Edom, and Ammon, for their transgressions, and will send fire to devour their palaces and cities, taking their people into captivity. The Lord also judges Moab, Judah, and Israel for their sins, including despising the law, selling the righteous for silver, and rejecting the Lord's prophets. Israel's leaders are corrupt, and the Lord will bring an adversary against them, spoiling their strength and palaces. The wealthy and powerful in Samaria are condemned for their oppression of the poor and needy, and God warns them of impending judgment and exile. The Lord laments the downfall of Israel, warning that the nation will be severely punished, with only a small remnant surviving. The people are called to seek the Lord and live, rather than continuing in their sinful ways. The Lord rejects their empty worship and offerings, instead desiring true justice and righteousness. The people are warned that they will be taken into captivity beyond Damascus for their idolatry and disobedience.
Obadiah
The Lord will judge Edom for their violence against Jacob and their rejoicing in Judah's destruction, leading to their downfall due to pride and arrogance. Edom will be cut off forever, punished on the day of the Lord, while the house of Jacob will possess their possessions and the house of Esau will be destroyed, ultimately resulting in the Lord reigning over the kingdom.
Jonah
God instructed Jonah to preach to Nineveh, but Jonah fled, leading to a storm that subsided only after he was thrown overboard and swallowed by a great fish. Inside the fish, Jonah prayed and expressed his faith in God, who then commanded the fish to release him. Jonah obeyed God's second command and preached to Nineveh, warning of its impending destruction, but the city repented, and God spared it. Jonah was angry and wished for death, but God used a withered gourd to illustrate the inconsistency in Jonah's pity for the plant, which he had not labored to grow, and his lack of pity for the innocent people of Nineveh.
Micah
The Lord will judge Samaria and Jerusalem for their idolatry and corruption, devastating the land and leading to captivity. The wicked will be punished for their evil deeds, and the people of Israel will be gathered and led out by their king and the Lord. The leaders of Israel are condemned for their corruption and injustice, and the prophets are rebuked for their false teachings and greed. However, in the last days, the mountain of the Lord's house will be established, and people from many nations will come to learn from God and walk in His paths. A ruler will come from Bethlehem to deliver Israel, and the remnant of Jacob will be victorious among the Gentiles. The Lord will execute vengeance on the heathen nations and remind His people that He desires justice, mercy, and humility, not sacrifices or offerings. Ultimately, God will restore His people, feed and protect them, and confound the nations with His power and mercy.
Nahum
The Lord is a powerful and vengeful God who will punish his enemies, including the city of Nineveh, for its violence, lies, and corruption. Despite being slow to anger, the Lord will utterly destroy Nineveh, breaking the yoke of oppression from his people and silencing the city's messengers. The city's once-mighty warriors will flee in fear, its riches will be plundered, and its people will stumble over corpses as the city is left desolate. The Lord compares Nineveh to No, a city that was also destroyed despite its strength, and warns that Nineveh will suffer a similar fate, with no healing for its wounds.
Habakkuk
The book of Habakkuk begins with the prophet questioning God about the prevalence of violence and injustice, and why the wicked seem to prosper while the righteous suffer. God responds by revealing His plan to use the Chaldeans to punish the wicked, which Habakkuk struggles to understand. God then instructs Habakkuk to write down a vision that will be fulfilled in the future, warning of punishment for the proud and greedy, and condemning idolatry. The book concludes with Habakkuk describing God's power and glory, and resolving to trust in God's strength despite the coming trouble and potential famine.
Zephaniah
The Lord declares His intention to utterly consume everything from the face of the land, cutting off the wicked and idolaters, and punishing those who have turned away from Him. A day of the Lord's wrath is near, bringing destruction and desolation, and no one will be able to escape His judgment. The Lord warns the nations to seek Him and righteousness before His day of anger comes, and pronounces judgment on various nations, including the Philistines, Moab, Ammon, and Assyria, who will be desolate and destroyed. The city of Jerusalem is also condemned for its corruption and refusal to obey God, but after pouring out His anger, the Lord will restore a remnant of His people, who will be faithful and righteous, and rejoice over them, restoring their honor and saving those who are afflicted.
Haggai
The Lord spoke through Haggai, rebuking the people for neglecting the temple's repair and instead focusing on their own homes, resulting in poverty and scarcity. In response to the Lord's instruction to rebuild the temple, the leaders and people obeyed and began working on it. The prophet Haggai encouraged Zerubbabel, Joshua, and the people to be strong and work on the temple, promising God's presence and glory, and that the latter house would be greater than the former, bringing peace.
Zechariah
The book of Zechariah contains visions and prophecies from the Lord, urging the Israelites to turn from their evil ways and promising to return to them with mercy. The Lord declares His jealousy for Jerusalem and displeasure with the heathen, promising to rebuild His house and spread prosperity. The prophet Zechariah sees various visions, including a man on a red horse, four horns and four carpenters, a golden candlestick, a flying roll, and four chariots, each representing God's judgment and redemption. The Lord also promises to bring a future leader, the Branch, who will grow up and build the temple of the Lord, bearing glory and ruling on his throne as both priest and king. The book also contains messages of judgment on the nations, including Damascus, Tyre, and the Philistines, and promises of salvation through a humble king who will ride into Jerusalem on a donkey. Ultimately, the Lord will bring rain and fertility to the land, redeem and gather His people, and establish a dominion from sea to sea.
Malachi
The Lord declares His love for Israel, contrasting it with His hatred for Esau, and warns of impending judgment on the wicked. He rebukes the priests for offering polluted sacrifices and the people for dealing treacherously with one another and marrying outside of their faith. The Lord hates divorce and the violence that often accompanies it, and He is wearied by the people's words. A day of judgment is coming when the proud and wicked will be destroyed, but those who fear God's name will experience healing and rise with the Sun of righteousness, ultimately triumphing over the wicked.
New Testament
Matthew
The book of Matthew begins with the genealogy of Jesus Christ, followed by his birth, baptism, and temptation in the wilderness. Jesus then begins his ministry, preaching repentance and the kingdom of heaven, and calling his first disciples. He teaches about the characteristics of those who will inherit the kingdom of heaven, the importance of fulfilling the law, and the need to love one's enemies. Jesus also performs various miracles, including healing the sick, casting out demons, and feeding large crowds. He teaches about the dangers of hypocrisy, the importance of forgiveness, and the need to become humble like a child to enter the kingdom of heaven. Jesus predicts his own death and resurrection, and warns his disciples about the coming tribulation and the need to be prepared for his return. The book concludes with Jesus' betrayal, arrest, trial, crucifixion, and resurrection, and his final instructions to his disciples to teach and baptize all nations in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.
Mark
Jesus' ministry began with his baptism by John the Baptist and his temptation in the wilderness. He then preached the gospel of the kingdom of God, calling his first disciples and performing various miracles, including healing a paralytic man, a man with a withered hand, and a blind man. Jesus also taught using parables, such as the parable of the sower, and explained that true defilement comes from within, not from external actions. He fed large crowds of people with minimal food, walked on water, and healed many others, including a Syrophenician woman's daughter and a deaf and mute man. Jesus predicted his own death and resurrection, and taught his disciples about the importance of humility and service. He was eventually betrayed by Judas, arrested, and crucified, but after his death, he was buried and then rose from the dead on the third day, appearing to his disciples and commissioning them to preach the gospel to all creatures.
Luke
Jesus' birth was announced by the angel Gabriel to the virgin Mary and to Zacharias, the father of John the Baptist. Jesus grew up, was baptized by John, and began his ministry, preaching the kingdom of God and performing miracles. He chose twelve apostles and taught them about the importance of love, forgiveness, and humility. Jesus also warned against hypocrisy, materialism, and the dangers of wealth, using parables to illustrate his points. He predicted his own death and resurrection, and was eventually arrested, tried, and crucified. After his death, Jesus was buried, but on the third day, he rose from the dead, appearing to his disciples and commissioning them to preach repentance and remission of sins in his name.
John
The book of John tells the story of Jesus' life, ministry, death, and resurrection. It begins with Jesus as the Word, who is God, and his creation of all things, and then describes his incarnation as a human being. Jesus gathers disciples, including Andrew, Peter, Philip, and Nathanael, and performs many miracles, including turning water into wine, healing a blind man, and raising Lazarus from the dead. Jesus teaches about the kingdom of God, the importance of faith, and the need for people to be born again. He also claims to be the door to salvation, the good shepherd, and the bread of life. As Jesus' popularity grows, the Pharisees and other Jewish leaders become increasingly hostile towards him, and eventually plot to kill him. Jesus is betrayed by Judas, arrested, and put on trial, where he is sentenced to death by crucifixion. After his death, Jesus is buried, but on the third day, he rises from the dead and appears to his disciples, giving them the Holy Spirit and instructing them to spread his teachings. The book concludes with Jesus' final appearances to his disciples, including a meal with them and instructions to Peter to feed his sheep.
Acts
The book of Acts begins with Jesus' ascension into heaven and the apostles' return to Jerusalem, where they prayed and chose a replacement for Judas. The Holy Spirit descended on the disciples on the day of Pentecost, and Peter preached about Jesus, resulting in the conversion of about 3,000 people. The apostles continued to perform miracles and preach about Jesus, leading to the growth of the church. However, they also faced persecution, and Stephen was stoned to death after delivering a speech about the history of Israel and the coming of Jesus. Saul, who had been persecuting the disciples, was converted on the road to Damascus and became a key figure in the spread of Christianity. The apostles, including Peter and Paul, traveled to various cities, preaching about Jesus and performing miracles, despite facing opposition and persecution. The church in Jerusalem sent a letter to the Gentile churches, stating that they did not need to be circumcised or keep the law of Moses to be saved. Paul and his companions traveled to various cities, preaching and establishing churches, and Paul was eventually arrested and put on trial, but he continued to preach about Jesus and was eventually sent to Rome, where he was allowed to live under house arrest and preach about the kingdom of God.
Romans
The book of Romans begins with Paul introducing himself and expressing his desire to visit the Romans, stating that the gospel is the power of God for salvation and that God's wrath is revealed against humanity's ungodliness. He explains that God's judgment is based on truth and that true circumcision is of the heart, not just outward physical appearance. Paul argues that all people, both Jews and Gentiles, are under sin and have fallen short of God's glory, but that God's righteousness is revealed through faith in Jesus Christ. He uses the example of Abraham to illustrate that faith is counted as righteousness, not works, and that this promise is available to all who have faith like Abraham's. Paul explains that believers have peace with God and access to His grace, and that Christ's death has reconciled believers to God. He also discusses the relationship between the law and sin, stating that believers are dead to the law through Christ's death and are now free to serve God in a new way. Paul expresses his sorrow for his fellow Israelites who have not accepted Christ and argues that God's election is not based on human works or merit, but rather on His sovereign will. He concludes by discussing the importance of living a life of love and harmony with one another, submitting to governing authorities, and not judging one another over matters of personal conviction.
1 Corinthians
The Corinthian church is rebuked for its divisions, immaturity, and toleration of sinful behaviors, including a man who has taken his father's wife. Paul emphasizes the importance of unity, love, and reverence, and instructs the church to resolve disputes among themselves rather than taking them to secular courts. He also addresses issues of marriage, food offered to idols, and the proper use of spiritual gifts, emphasizing that knowledge and gifts are not as important as love and humility. Paul defends his right to receive financial support but chooses not to exercise it, and uses the Israelites' experiences in the wilderness as examples for believers to avoid idolatry and other sinful behaviors. He also discusses the relationship between men and women in the church, the importance of unity during the Lord's Supper, and the value of charity and spiritual gifts. The book concludes with Paul's instructions on setting aside a collection for the saints and his plans to visit the Corinthians.
2 Corinthians
The apostle Paul writes to the Corinthian church, expressing gratitude for God's comfort in their tribulations and sharing his experience of suffering and consolation. He defends his integrity and sincerity in his ministry, stating that his word is reliable and consistent with God's promises. Paul urges the Corinthians to forgive a certain individual who caused grief and to comfort him, and he expresses his confidence in the Corinthians' obedience and sincerity in their faith. He explains that the power of the gospel is not from himself, but from God, and that his sufferings serve to manifest the life of Jesus in his body. Paul also emphasizes the importance of generosity and giving to those in need, and he commends the churches of Macedonia for their remarkable generosity. He defends his apostleship and ministry, pointing out that he has performed signs and wonders among the Corinthians, and he expresses his love for the Corinthians and his desire to edify them. Paul concludes by urging the Corinthians to examine themselves to see if they are truly in the faith and expressing his trust that they will recognize his own authenticity.
Galatians
The apostle Paul writes to the churches of Galatia, expressing concern that they are turning away from the true gospel and towards the law. He shares his personal history, including his conversion through a revelation of Jesus Christ, and emphasizes that his gospel is from Christ, not men. Paul recounts his visit to Jerusalem, where he was given the right hands of fellowship to preach to the Gentiles, and confronts Peter for withdrawing from eating with Gentiles. The Galatians are rebuked for turning away from faith in Christ and towards the law, and Paul explains that Christ has redeemed believers from the curse of the law. He uses the allegory of Abraham's two sons to illustrate the two covenants, and asserts that believers are children of the promise, not of the bondwoman. Paul urges the Galatians to live by faith and walk in the Spirit, producing love, joy, and other virtues, and warns against returning to bondage by trying to follow the law. He concludes by emphasizing the importance of spiritual restoration, bearing one another's burdens, and fulfilling the law of Christ.
Ephesians
The book of Ephesians begins with Paul expressing gratitude for the faith of the saints at Ephesus and explaining that God chose them before the foundation of the world to be holy and blameless. He explains that salvation is a gift from God, not earned through works, and that Gentiles are now brought near to God through the blood of Christ. Paul was given the task of preaching the gospel to the Gentiles, revealing a mystery that was previously unknown, and he asks that the Ephesians be strengthened by God's Spirit. The book emphasizes the importance of unity and living a life worthy of one's calling, characterized by humility, meekness, and love, and highlights the diversity of gifts given by Christ to the church. Believers are called to walk in love, avoid sin, and live as children of light, and are given instructions on how to live in marriage, as children, servants, and masters. The book concludes with a request for prayer and the sending of Tychicus to inform the Ephesians of the author's affairs, and a call to be strong in the Lord and put on the armor of God to withstand spiritual attacks.
Philippians
The book of Philippians is a letter from Paul expressing his gratitude to the Philippians for their partnership in the gospel and his confidence in God's continued work in them. He emphasizes the importance of unity, humility, and love among believers, encouraging them to have the same mind as Christ. Paul also warns against false teachers and trusting in one's own righteousness, instead emphasizing the importance of worshiping God in the spirit and rejoicing in Christ Jesus. Throughout the letter, Paul shares his own experiences and encourages the Philippians to stand firm in the Lord, rejoice in Him always, and make their requests known to God through prayer and thanksgiving. He also expresses gratitude for their care and generosity, assuring them that God will supply all their needs according to His riches in glory.
Colossians
The book of Colossians begins with Paul expressing gratitude for the faith of the Colossians and praying for their spiritual growth, describing Jesus as the image of God and the head of the church. He warns them against deception by human traditions and philosophy, emphasizing that all wisdom and knowledge are found in Christ. Paul reminds them that they are complete in Christ and forgiven from sin, and cautions against being judged by others for their observance of rituals. He instructs believers to focus on heavenly things, put to death sinful behaviors, and live in harmony with one another, guided by the peace of God and the word of Christ. The book concludes with instructions for masters to treat their servants fairly, encouragement to continue in prayer and watchfulness, and greetings from fellow workers, with a final reminder to fulfill one's ministry and a personal salutation from Paul.
1 Thessalonians
The apostle Paul expresses gratitude to God for the Thessalonian church's faith, labor of love, and patience in the Lord Jesus Christ, noting that their faith has spread throughout Macedonia and Achaia. Paul reminds the Thessalonians of his genuine ministry among them, preaching the gospel despite persecution and hardship, and expresses his longing to see them again. He sent Timothy to establish and comfort them in their faith, and was comforted by Timothy's report of their faith and charity. Paul exhorts the Thessalonians to live a life pleasing to God, abstaining from fornication and treating others with respect and honesty, and to increase in brotherly love. He comforts them regarding those who have died, assuring them that God will bring them with Him when He returns. Paul also warns the Thessalonians to be watchful and sober, living in faith, love, and hope, and to live in a way that is pleasing to God, abstaining from evil and being sanctified wholly.
2 Thessalonians
The Thessalonians' faith and charity are growing despite persecution, which is a sign that they will be counted worthy of the kingdom of God. God will recompense those who trouble them and they will find rest when the Lord Jesus is revealed. However, before Christ's return, a great falling away from the faith will occur and the man of sin will be revealed, deceiving many with false signs and wonders. Believers are chosen by God for salvation and are called to stand firm in their faith. The apostle asks for prayer for the spread of the word of the Lord and for deliverance from wicked men, commanding the brethren to withdraw from disorderly brothers who do not follow tradition, and reminding them that those who are unwilling to work should not eat.
1 Timothy
Paul writes to Timothy, his spiritual son, to correct false teachings and promote sound doctrine in Ephesus. He emphasizes the importance of love, a pure heart, and sincere faith, and notes that the law is for the lawless, not the righteous. Paul also provides instructions for worship, including the behavior of men and women in the church, and outlines the qualifications for bishops and deacons. He warns against departing from the faith and emphasizes the importance of nourishing oneself in the words of faith and good doctrine. The passage also provides guidance on how to treat various members of the church, including elders, widows, and servants, and emphasizes the importance of respecting church leaders and pursuing righteousness and godliness.
2 Timothy
Paul expresses gratitude for Timothy's faith and reminds him to stir up the gift of God within him, not being ashamed of the gospel. He shares his own suffering for the gospel and asks Timothy to hold fast to sound words and keep the good thing committed to him by the Holy Ghost. Paul instructs Timothy to be strong in the grace of Christ, endure hardship, and strive lawfully, remembering Jesus Christ's resurrection and the power of the word of God. He warns of perilous times with self-centered individuals who deny the power of godliness, and emphasizes the importance of scripture for doctrine and instruction in righteousness. Paul charges Timothy to preach the word, reprove, and exhort, and reflects on his own life, stating he has fought a good fight and is ready to be offered, asking Timothy to come to him soon and warning him about Alexander the coppersmith.
Titus
Paul writes to Titus, instructing him to set things in order in Crete, including ordaining elders who are blameless and hold to sound doctrine. He warns Titus about unruly individuals and instructs him to rebuke them sharply. Paul also provides guidance on the behavior of aged men and women, young men, and servants, emphasizing the importance of living soberly, righteously, and godly. He reminds Titus that the grace of God teaches people to live in this manner, looking forward to the glorious appearing of Jesus Christ.
Philemon
Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, writes to Philemon expressing gratitude for his faith and love, and asks him to receive Onesimus, a former servant who has become a brother in Christ, and to forgive any wrongs he may have committed, offering to repay any debt on his own account.
Hebrews
The book of Hebrews emphasizes the superiority of Jesus Christ over the angels and the old covenant, highlighting his role as the creator of the worlds, the heir of all things, and the express image of God's person. The author stresses the importance of paying attention to the message of salvation and warns against neglecting it, as Jesus' death and resurrection have destroyed the power of death and the devil. The book also explores the concept of rest, emphasizing that believers must hold fast to their hope and confidence in Christ to avoid being hardened by sin. The author critiques the recipients for being dull of hearing and needing to be taught again the first principles of God's oracles, urging them to move beyond the basics of the Christian faith and strive for spiritual maturity. The book also discusses the priesthood of Melchisedec and Jesus, highlighting the superiority of Jesus' priesthood and the new covenant he established. The author encourages believers to persevere in their faith, looking to Jesus as their example, and to pursue peace and holiness, serving God with reverence and godly fear.
James
The book of James emphasizes the importance of spiritual maturity and growth through trials, and encourages believers to ask God for wisdom in faith. It warns against favoritism and emphasizes that faith without works is dead, citing examples of Abraham and Rahab. The book also stresses the power of the tongue and the need for true wisdom from above, characterized by purity, peace, and mercy. It notes that conflicts arise from worldly desires and encourages humility and submission to God's will. The book condemns the rich for their corruption and mistreatment of the poor, and encourages believers to be patient and wait for the Lord's return, living a righteous life through honesty, prayer, and confession of faults.
1 Peter
The book of 1 Peter is a letter to scattered believers, reminding them of their salvation through Jesus Christ and their inheritance reserved in heaven. They are exhorted to live holy lives, laying aside malice and vices, and instead desiring the pure word of God to grow spiritually. Believers are called to live honest lives, submit to authority, and honor all people, with the example of Christ's suffering as a model to follow. The letter also provides guidance on relationships, including marriage, and encourages believers to live in harmony with one another, not rendering evil for evil. It reminds them that following what is good and suffering for righteousness' sake is considered happy, and that they should be prepared to give an answer for the hope that is in them. The letter concludes with exhortations to elders to care for God's flock, to younger individuals to submit to their elders, and to all believers to cast their cares on God and resist the devil steadfastly in faith.
2 Peter
The apostle Peter writes to believers, emphasizing the importance of growing in faith through knowledge of God and Jesus Christ, and adding virtues such as virtue, knowledge, temperance, patience, godliness, brotherly kindness, and charity. He warns of false teachers who will secretly introduce destructive heresies, denying the Lord and bringing destruction upon themselves, and reminds believers to recall the words of the prophets and the apostles, warning them of scoffers who will question the promise of Christ's return. Peter encourages believers to live holy lives, looking forward to the coming of the day of God, when the heavens and earth will be dissolved and replaced with new heavens and a new earth, and to be diligent to be found in peace, without spot, and blameless, continuing to grow in the knowledge of Jesus Christ.
1 John
The apostles declare their personal witness to the life of Jesus Christ and their fellowship with the Father and the Son, which they share with others to bring full joy. True fellowship with God requires walking in the light and acknowledging sin, which is forgiven and cleansed by the blood of Jesus Christ. The writer emphasizes the importance of not sinning, but if one does, Jesus Christ is the advocate with the Father, and true knowledge of God is demonstrated by keeping His word. The writer warns against loving the world and its desires, and against false teachers who deny Jesus Christ, while encouraging believers to abide in Christ and love one another, demonstrating the love of God by laying down one's life for others.
2 John
The elder expresses love for the elect lady and her children, greeting them with a blessing from God and Jesus Christ. He commends her children for walking in truth and exhorts her to continue loving one another as commanded. The elder warns against deceivers who deny Jesus Christ and advises against receiving or supporting those who do not bring the doctrine of Christ.
3 John
The writer expresses love and well-wishes for Gaius, commending his faithfulness and charity, while warning against Diotrephes who refuses to receive brethren and speaks maliciously. The writer encourages Gaius to follow what is good and commends Demetrius for his good report, before expressing a desire to see Gaius soon and greeting their friends.
Jude
Jude urges believers to defend their faith against ungodly men who have infiltrated the church, using God's grace as an excuse for immorality and denying Jesus Christ. He reminds them of God's past judgments on unbelievers, including the Israelites and angels, and warns against false teachers who speak evil and live immoral lives. Jude encourages believers to build their faith, pray in the Holy Spirit, and remain in God's love.
Revelation
The book of Revelation begins with Jesus Christ giving John a vision of the events that will soon occur, including letters to the seven churches in Asia, commending their faithfulness and rebuking them for their shortcomings. The Lord then reveals a series of judgments upon the earth, including the opening of seven seals, the sounding of seven trumpets, and the pouring out of seven vials of God's wrath. The faithful are encouraged to remain steadfast and keep God's commandments, while the wicked are warned of the consequences of their actions. The book also describes the fall of Babylon, the rise of the beast and the false prophet, and the ultimate triumph of Jesus Christ over evil. The final chapters describe the binding of Satan, the reign of Christ, the judgment of the dead, and the creation of a new heaven and a new earth, where God dwells with his people and there is no more suffering or death.